• Apple Touchpad Windows 10 Drivers
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• Apple Touchpad Driver Download

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A touchpad or trackpad is a pointing device featuring a tactile sensor, a specialized surface that can translate the motion and position of a user's fingers to a relative position on the operating system that is made output to the screen. Touchpads are a common feature of laptop computers as opposed to using a mouse on a desktop, and are also used as a substitute for a mouse where desk space is scarce. Because they vary in size, they can also be found on personal digital assistants (PDAs) and some portable media players. Wireless touchpads are also available as detached accessories.

Operation and function[edit]

Touchpads operate in one of several ways, including capacitive sensing and resistive touchscreen. The most common technology used in the 2010s senses the change of capacitance where a finger touches the pad. Capacitance-based touchpads will not sense the tip of a pencil or other similar ungrounded or non-conducting implements. Fingers insulated by a glove may also be problematic.

While touchpads, like touchscreens, are able to sense absolute position, resolution is limited by their size. For common use as a pointer device, the dragging motion of a finger is translated into a finer, relative motion of the cursor on the output to the display on the operating system, analogous to the handling of a mouse that is lifted and put back on a surface. Hardware buttons equivalent to a standard mouse's left and right buttons are positioned adjacent to the touchpad.

Some touchpads and associated device driver software may interpret tapping the pad as a mouse click, and a tap followed by a continuous pointing motion (a 'click-and-a-half') can indicate dragging.^[1] Tactile touchpads allow for clicking and dragging by incorporating button functionality into the surface of the touchpad itself.^[2][3] To select, one presses down on the touchpad instead of a physical button. To drag, instead of performing the 'click-and-a-half' technique, the user presses down while on the object, drags without releasing pressure, and lets go when done. Touchpad drivers can also allow the use of multiple fingers to emulate the other mouse buttons (commonly two-finger tapping for the center button).

Touchpads are called clickpads if it does not have physical buttons, but instead relies on 'software buttons'. Physically the whole clickpad formed a button, logically the driver interprets a click as a left or right button click depending on the placement of fingers.^[4]

Some touchpads have 'hotspots', locations on the touchpad used for functionality beyond a mouse. For example, on certain touchpads, moving the finger along an edge of the touch pad will act as a scroll wheel, controlling the scrollbar and scrolling the window that has the focus, vertically or horizontally. Many touchpads use two-finger dragging for scrolling. Also, some touchpad drivers support tap zones, regions where a tap will execute a function, for example, pausing a media player or launching an application. All of these functions are implemented in the touchpad device driver software, and can be disabled.

History[edit]

By 1982, Apollo desktop computers were equipped with a touchpad on the right side of the keyboard.^[5] Introduced a year later, in 1983, the first battery powered clamshell laptop, the Gavilan SC included a touchpad, which was mounted above its keyboard, rather than below, which became the norm.

In 1989 a touchpad was developed for Psion's MC 200/400/600/WORD Series .^[6] Laptops with touchpads were then launched by Olivetti and Triumph-Adler in 1992.^[7]Cirque introduced the first widely available touchpad, branded as GlidePoint, in 1994.^[8]Apple introduced touchpads to the modern laptop in the PowerBook series in 1994, using Cirque's GlidePoint technology;^[9] later PowerBooks and MacBooks would use Apple-developed trackpads. Another early adopter of the GlidePoint pointing device was Sharp.^[8] Later, Synaptics introduced their touchpad into the marketplace, branded the TouchPad. Epson was an early adopter of this product.^[8]

As touchpads began to be introduced in laptops in the 1990s, there was often confusion as to what the product should be called. No consistent term was used, and references varied, such as: glidepoint, touch sensitive input device, touchpad, trackpad, and pointing device.^[10][11][12]

Users were often presented the option to purchase a pointing stick, touchpad, or trackball. Combinations of the devices were common, though touchpads and trackballs were rarely included together.^[13] Since the early 2000s, touchpads have become the dominant laptop pointing device as most laptops produced during this period beyond include only touchpads, displacing the pointing stick.

Use in devices[edit]

Touchpads are primarily used in self-contained portable laptop computers and do not require a flat surface near the machine. The touchpad is close to the keyboard, and only very short finger movements are required to move the cursor across the display screen; while advantageous, this also makes it possible for a user's palm or wrist to move the mouse cursor accidentally while typing. Touchpads also exist for desktop computers as an external peripheral, albeit rarely seen. Touchpads are sometimes integrated in some desktop computer keyboards, particularly keyboards oriented for HTPC use.

One-dimensional touchpads are the primary control interface for menu navigation on iPod Classic portable music players and additional input metod on some Wacom digitizer tablets, where they are referred to as 'click wheels', since they only sense motion along one axis, which is wrapped around like a wheel. Creative Labs also uses a touchpad for their Zen line of MP3 players, beginning with the Zen Touch. The second-generation MicrosoftZune product line (the Zune 80/120 and Zune 4/8) uses touch for the Zune Pad.

Apple's PowerBook 500 series was its first laptop to carry such a device,^[14] which Apple refers to as a 'trackpad'. When introduced in May 1994, it replaced the trackball of previous PowerBook models. In late 2008 Apple's revisions of the MacBook and MacBook Pro incorporated a 'Tactile Touchpad' design with button functionality incorporated into the tracking surface.^[2][3][15] Beginning in the second generation of MacBook Pro, the entire touchpad surface acts as a clickable button.^[16]

Laptops today feature multitouch touchpads that can sense in some cases up to five fingers simultaneously, providing more options for input, such as the ability to bring up the context menu by tapping two fingers, dragging two fingers for scrolling, or gestures for zoom in/out or rotate. The touchpads with physical buttons now are only hi-end businessprofessional laptops option.

Psion's MC 200/400/600/WORD Series,^[6] introduced in 1989, came with a new mouse-replacing input device similar to a touchpad,^[17] although more closely resembling a graphics tablet, as the cursor was positioned by clicking on a specific point on the pad, instead of moving it in the direction of a stroke.

Theory of operation[edit]

There are two principal means by which touchpads work.^{[citation needed]} In the matrix approach, a series of conductors are arranged in an array of parallel lines in two layers, separated by an insulator and crossing each other at right angles to form a grid. A high frequency signal is applied sequentially between pairs in this two-dimensional grid array. The current that passes between the nodes is proportional to the capacitance. When a virtual ground, such as a finger, is placed over one of the intersections between the conductive layer some of the electrical field is shunted to this ground point, resulting in a change in the apparent capacitance at that location. This method received U.S. Patent 5,305,017 awarded to George Gerpheide in April 1994.

The capacitive shunt method, described in an application note by Analog Devices (not to be confused with analog devices),^[18] senses the change in capacitance between a transmitter and receiver that are on opposite sides of the sensor. The transmitter creates an electric field which oscillates at 200–300 kHz. If a ground point, such as the finger, is placed between the transmitter and receiver, some of the field lines are shunted away, decreasing the apparent capacitance. Trackpads such as those found in some Blackberry smartphones work optically, like an optical computer mouse.

Manufacturing[edit]

Major manufacturers include:

• Elan Microelectronics

See also[edit]

References[edit]

1. ^'Tap and drag'. Apple.com.
2. ^ ^ab'The Tactile Touchpad'. sigchi.com.
3. ^ ^ab'A Comparison of Three Selection Techniques for Touchpads'(PDF). yorku.ca.
4. ^'Libinput documentation, Clickpad software button behavior'. wayland.freedesktop.org.
5. ^Getting Started With Your DOMAIN System. Apollo Computer. 1983.
6. ^ ^ab'GUIdebook Psion MC Series brochure'. guidebookgallery.org.
7. ^Olivetti S20, D33 and identically Triumph-Adler Walkstation 386, Walkstation 386SX
8. ^ ^abcDiehl, Stanford; Lennon, Anthony J.; McDonough, John (Oct 1995). 'Touchpads to Navigate By'. Byte. No. October 1995. Green Publishing. p. 150. ISSN0360-5280.
9. ^Thryft, Ann R. 'More Than a Mouse,' Computer Product Development, EBN Extra, November 14, 1994, pp. E16 – E20
10. ^'A WinBook for the Fussy'. Windows Magazine. No. Dec 95. 1995. p. 105.
11. ^'Sharp Unveils Line of Notebooks'. Westchester County Business Journal. Westchester County Business Journal (November 20, 1995). 1995.
12. ^Malloy, Rich; Crabb, Don (October 1995). 'Power Packed Power Books'. Mobile Office. New York, NY (October 1995): 44–52.
13. ^Jerome, Marty (1995). 'Lightweight, Low-Cost Challenger'. PC Computing. PC Computing (December 1995): 96.
14. ^'Blackbird: The PowerBook 500 Series'. Low End Mac. 1994-05-16. Retrieved 2017-07-09.
15. ^'MacBook design'. Apple.com.
16. ^Ackerman, Dan (June 10, 2009). 'Apple MacBook Pro Summer 2009 (Core 2 Duo 2.26 GHz, 2GB RAM, 160GB HDD, Nvidia GeForce 9400M, 13-inch)'. CNET. Retrieved April 11, 2010.
17. ^'GUIdebook Psion MC Series brochure, page 4'. guidebookgallery.org.
18. ^'Analog Devices' Capacitive Shunt Method'(PDF). analog.com.

External links[edit]

• Notes on the History of Pen-based Computing on YouTube

Your device isn't recognized by your Mac

Follow these steps if your mouse, keyboard, or trackpad isn't recognized by your Mac.

Make sure that your wireless mouse, keyboard, or trackpad is turned on

The Magic Mouse and Magic Mouse 2 have a slide switch on the bottom of the device. Slide the switch to turn on the device. On the Magic Mouse, the green LED briefly lights up. On the Magic Mouse 2, green coloring is visible beneath the switch.

The Magic Keyboard, Magic Keyboard with Numeric Keypad, and Magic Trackpad 2 have a slide switch on the back edge of the device. Slide the switch to turn on the device (green coloring becomes visible). Earlier Apple Wireless Keyboard models have a power button on the right side of the device. Press the button and you see a green LED on the top of the device, near the button.

When you turn these devices on, they appear as connected in Bluetooth preferences and in the Bluetooth menu in your menu bar. If a device doesn't appear there, make sure it's charged or replace it batteries, and make sure it's been paired with your Mac.

Make sure that your device has been set up to work with your Mac

Learn how to pair your Magic Mouse 2, Magic Keyboard, Magic Keyboard with Numeric Keypad, Magic Trackpad 2 and earlier models of Apple wireless devices with your Mac.

Make sure that Bluetooth is turned on

Use your Mac notebook's built-in trackpad or a USB mouse to choose Apple menu  > System Preferences, then click Bluetooth. Make sure that Bluetooth is turned on.

Refer to the table below for more information on determining the Bluetooth status. If the Bluetooth icon doesn't appear, or if the menu bar status continues to indicate that Bluetooth is off, restart your computer and then try to turn Bluetooth on again.

Make sure that your devices are charged

Magic Mouse 2, Magic Keyboard, Magic Keyboard with Numeric Keypad, and Magic Trackpad 2 have built-in rechargeable batteries. You can charge these devices by connecting them to a Mac or a USB power adapter using a Lightning to USB Cable. For the fastest battery charging performance, be sure your device is switched on when connected to the Lightning to USB Cable.

To check the battery level of these devices, click the Bluetooth icon in your Mac's menu bar, then select your device by name. If the battery level of any device is low, recharge the device. If the device isn’t showing, make sure the device is turned using the steps outlined above.

Turn the device off and on

If your Apple wireless mouse, keyboard, or trackpad isn't recognized by your Mac after following the tips above, try turning the wireless device off, waiting a few seconds, and then turning it back on.

Your mouse or keyboard intermittently stops responding

• Click the mouse or trackpad or press a key on the keyboard to reconnect the device to the computer. It might take a moment for the device to respond.
• Check for wireless interference.

Your mouse doesn't scroll up or down or side to side

If you can't use your mouse to scroll through a web page or document, make sure that you're using the correct Multi-Touch gestures and have set up your scrolling speed preferences correctly.

Apple Touchpad Windows 10 Drivers

Your mouse or trackpad doesn't track as expected

Apple Wireless Mouse, Magic Mouse, and Magic Mouse 2 can be used on most smooth surfaces. If tracking issues occur, try these options:

• Choose Apple menu  > System Preferences, then click Mouse. Set the ”Tracking speed” slider to adjust how fast the pointer moves as you move the mouse.
• Try using a different surface to see if tracking improves.
• Turn the mouse over and inspect the sensor window. Use compressed air to gently clean the sensor window if dust or debris is present.
• If multiple Bluetooth wireless devices are in use nearby, try turning them off one at a time to see if the issue improves.

Apple Touchpad Driver Windows

Learn more what to do if your trackpad isn't tracking correctly.

Your keyboard has one or more keys that don't respond

Use the Keyboard Viewer to test whether the keyboard keys are responding correctly when they are pressed.

1. Choose Apple menu  > System Preferences, then click Keyboard.
2. Click the Input Sources tab.
3. Make sure that the keyboard language that you use is listed on the left side. If it's not, click the add button (+) and choose from the languages that appear.
4. Select the ”Show Input menu in menu bar” checkbox.
5. Click the Keyboard tab, then select ”Show keyboard and emoji viewers in menu bar” checkbox, if present.
6. From the Input menu in the menu bar, choose Show Keyboard Viewer. The Keyboard Viewer showing the keyboard layout appears on your display.
7. Type the key on the keyboard that doesn’t respond and see if the corresponding key highlights on the Keyboard Viewer. If it does, that key is functioning correctly.

Apple Touchpad Driver Download

If you enable the Mouse Keys feature, many keys might not respond as you expect. To turn off Mouse keys, choose Apple menu > System Preferences, then click Accessibility. Choose Mouse & Trackpad from the list on the left side, then then deselect the Enable Mouse Keys checkbox.